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            <title xml:lang="en">Beyond Meta-Appearances:  Philosophical and Bioinspired Foundations for Non-Dualistic Robotics</title>
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            <note type="description">Slides of my flash talk at the IEEE RoboSoft workshop on Bioinspired Autonomy: Philosophical aspects meet technological challenges</note>
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              <p>Current robotic paradigms are shaped by meta-appearances, where articulated structures—such as robotic hands—are designed to replicate human biomechanics without achieving true integration between material structure and intelligence. This dualistic separation between control (software) and embodiment (hardware) mirrors historical philosophical models that treated cognition as independent of materiality. In contrast, biological intelligence emerges through an indivisible synthesis of form and function.Drawing on philosophical anthropology, this work reframes bioinspired robotics through a non-dualistic, non-reductionist ontology, inspired by historical perspectives on embodiment, tool-making, and the evolution of intelligence. The human hand, as the archetype of dexterous control, has served as the foundation for articulated robotics, yet its robotic counterparts remain constrained by predefined movement patterns and external computation.We explore how active materials may enable robotics to overcome the limitations of meta-appearances, fostering sensorimotor synchrony between structure and intelligence. Unlike articulated robots that function as externally controlled mechanical systems, bioinspired material intelligence could allow for real-time adaptation, where cognition is not merely simulated but emerges dynamically from the material itself.By integrating philosophical inquiry with bioinspired robotics, this work contributes to the discussion on how autonomy in artificial systems can evolve beyond functional imitation, toward a paradigm where intelligence and embodiment co-develop as a unified whole.</p>
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